Bill of Exchange ‘Evidenced’ as “Currency” by 31 USC 5118, 12 USC 412, UCC 3-601, 3-603, 3-311, and HJR 192 of 1933 (public law 73-10)

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Under statutes, codes, and public policy, bills of exchange are legally recognized as currency since they discharge debt obligations in commerce. HJR 192, 31 USC 5118, and 12 USC 412 establish that debt instruments have replaced gold as legal payment. UCC provisions (3-603, 3-311, and 3-601) affirm that presenting a bill of exchange settles debts, even if rejected.